PinoyBIX Engineering Problem Solving and Reference

This is the Self-test in Chapter 18: Basic Programming Concepts for Automated Testing from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 18 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Programming Basics
• Floyd Self-test in Automated Testing Basics
• Floyd Self-test in The Simple Sequential Program
• Floyd Self-test in Conditional Execution
• Floyd Self-test in Program Loops
• Floyd Self-test in Branching and Subroutines

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. All the instructions that the hardware of a processor can directly decode and execute is called

• (a) pseudocode
• (b) a flowchart
• (c) an assembly program
• (d) the instruction set

2. All of the following are instruction types except

• (a) conditional instructions
• (b) pseudocode instructions
• (c) loop instructions
• (d) branching instructions

3. One disadvantage of flowcharts is that

• (a) the process flow of a program is difficult to follow in a flowchart
• (b) it is not possible for flowcharts to represent large programs
• (c) process flow is not always the best way to represent a program
• (d) flowcharts cannot distinguish between WHILE-DO and REPEAT-UNTIL loops

4. An advantage of pseudocode is that it

• (a) uses easily recognized and distinctively-shaped symbols
• (b) shows the overall process flow of a program better than a flowchart
• (c) provides a high level of structure for implementing the final program
• (d) changes to the final program code do not affect the pseudocode

5. A basic automated test system consists of all the following components except

• (a) a connection to access the Internet
• (b) a test fixture
• (c) the unit under test
• (d) a test controller

6. The component that physically connects the UUT to the rest of the automated test system is the

• (a) test controller
• (b) test instrumentation
• (c) test equipment
• (d) test fixture

7. The test fixture consists of

• (a) the test controller and unit under test
• (b) the test equipment and test instrumentation
• (c) electromechanical relays and silicon controlled switches
• (d) the switching control and switching circuitry

8. Simple sequential programs can include any instructions except

• (a) I/O instructions
• (b) arithmetic instructions
• (c) branching instructions
• (d) assembly language instructions

9. Simple sequential programs

• (a) have limited applications
• (b) have nonlinear structures
• (c) cannot be represented with flowcharts
• (d) cannot be represented with pseudocode

10. Conditional execution

• (a) limits the power and usefulness of programs
• (b) uses the decision block in flowcharts
• (c) is always limited to two alternatives
• (d) always sequences through the same instructions

11. The IF-THEN-ELSE instruction

• (a) is a special form of the more general IF-THEN instruction
• (b) provides three alternative sequences of instructions
• (c) implements the most basic form of conditional execution
• (d) is a theoretical construct with no practical application in programming

12. The CASE instruction

• (a) must determine whether a program value is equal to or not equal to specific values
• (b) implements the most basic form of conditional execution
• (c) is limited to two alternative sequences of instructions
• (d) is another name for an IF-THEN instruction

13. An infinite loop

• (a) has no practical value and is never used
• (b) is used in operating systems and other specialized applications
• (c) is another name for an unconditional loop
• (d) occurs only when intended

14. The difference between a WHILE-DO instruction and REPEAT-UNTIL instruction is

• (a) the WHILE-DO instruction loops when a condition is False
• (b) the WHILE-DO loop always executes at least once
• (c) the REPEAT-UNTIL loop tests the loop condition at the end of the loop
• (d) the two are identical

15. A FOR-TO-STEP instruction with a STEP value of 0 will

• (a) probably result in an infinite loop
• (b) set the initial index value to 0
• (c) exit when the index value reaches 0
• (d) never execute

16. The difference between general branch instructions and conditional or loop instructions is

• (a) general branch instructions can create infinite loops and conditional or loop instructions cannot
• (b) conditional and loop instructions execute faster than general branch instructions
• (c) general branch instructions are available only in low-level languages
• (d) a conditional or loop instruction implicitly specifies the next instruction to execute

17. Subroutine calls differ from general branch instructions in that

• (a) subroutine calls to programs use labels and general branch instructions do not
• (b) subroutine calls allow the program to resume execution at the instruction immediately following the call to the subroutine
• (c) general branch instructions use a special section of memory called the stack
• (d) subroutine calls can be nested and general branch instructions cannot

18. Another name for a subroutine is

• (a) a procedure
• (b) a stack
• (c) a flowchart
• (d) a process flow

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices per topic

Note: Check your works. Basic Programming Concepts for Automated Testing – Self-test Answers

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 17: Voltage Regulators from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 17 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Voltage Regulation
• Floyd Self-test in Basic Linear Series Regulators
• Floyd Self-test in Basic Linear Shunt Regulators
• Floyd Self-test in Basic Switching Regulators
• Floyd Self-test in Integrated Circuit Voltage Regulators
• Floyd Self-test in Integrated Circuit Voltage Regulator Configurations

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. In the case of line regulation,

• (a) when the temperature varies, the output voltage stays constant
• (b) when the output voltage changes, the load current stays constant
• (c) when the input voltage changes, the output voltage stays constant
• (d) when the load changes, the output voltage stays constant

2. In the case of load regulation,

• (a) when the temperature varies, the output voltage stays constant
• (b) when the input voltage changes, the load current stays constant
• (c) when the load changes, the load current stays constant
• (d) when the load changes, the output voltage stays constant

3. All of the following are parts of a basic voltage regulator except

• (a) control element
• (b) sampling circuit
• (c) voltage-follower
• (d) error detector
• (e) reference voltage

4. The basic difference between a series regulator and a shunt regulator is

• (a) the amount of current that can be handled
• (b) the position of the control element
• (c) the type of sample circuit
• (d) the type of error detector

5. In a basic series regulator, is determined by

• (a) the control element
• (b) the sample circuit
• (c) the reference voltage
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

6. The main purpose of current limiting in a regulator is

• (a) protection of the regulator from excessive current
• (b) protection of the load from excessive current
• (c) to keep the power supply transformer from burning up
• (d) to maintain a constant output voltage

7. In a linear regulator, the control transistor is conducting

• (a) a small part of the time
• (b) half the time
• (c) all of the time
• (d) only when the load current is excessive

8. In a basic shunt regulator, is determined by

• (a) the control element
• (b) the sample circuit
• (c) the reference voltage
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

9. In a switching regulator, the control transistor is conducting

• (a) part of the time
• (b) all of the time
• (c) only when the input voltage exceeds a set limit
• (d) only when there is an overload

10. The LM317 is an example of an IC

• (a) three-terminal negative voltage regulator (b) fixed positive voltage regulator
• (c) switching regulator
• (d) linear regulator
• (e) variable positive voltage regulator
• (f ) answers (b) and (d) only
• (g) answers (d) and (e) only

11. An external pass transistor is used for

• (a) increasing the output voltage
• (b) improving the regulation
• (c) increasing the current that the regulator can handle
• (d) short-circuit protection

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices per topic

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 16: Oscillators from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 16 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in The Oscillator
• Floyd Self-test in Feedback Oscillators
• Floyd Self-test in Oscillators with RC Feedback Circuits
• Floyd Self-test in Oscillators with LC Feedback Circuits
• Floyd Self-test in Relaxation Oscillators
• Floyd Self-test in The 555 Timer as an Oscillator

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. An oscillator differs from an amplifier because the oscillator

• (a) has more gain
• (b) requires no input signal
• (c) requires no dc supply
• (d) always has the same output

2. One condition for oscillation is

• (a) a phase shift around the feedback loop of 180°
• (b) a gain around the feedback loop of one-third
• (c) a phase shift around the feedback loop of 0°
• (d) a gain around the feedback loop of less than 1

3. A second condition for oscillation is

• (a) no gain around the feedback loop
• (b) a gain of 1 around the feedback loop
• (c) the attenuation of the feedback circuit must be one-third
• (d) the feedback circuit must be capacitive

4. In a certain oscillator, The attenuation of the feedback circuit must be

• (a) 1
• (b) 0.01
• (c) 10
• (d) 0.02

5. For an oscillator to properly start, the gain around the feedback loop must initially be

• (a) 1
• (b) less than 1
• (c) greater than 1
• (d) equal to B

6. Wien-bridge oscillators are based on

• (a) positive feedback
• (b) negative feedback
• (c) the piezoelectric effect
• (d) high gain

7. In a Wien-bridge oscillator, if the resistances in the positive feedback circuit are decreased, the frequency

• (a) decreases
• (b) increases
• (c) remains the same

8. The Wien-bridge oscillator’s positive feedback circuit is

• (a) an RL circuit
• (b) an LC circuit
• (c) a voltage divider
• (d) a lead-lag circuit

9. A phase-shift oscillator has

• (a) three RC circuits
• (b) three LC circuits
• (c) a T-type circuit
• (d) a -type circuit

10. Colpitts, Clapp, and Hartley are names that refer to

• (a) types of RC oscillators
• (b) inventors of the transistor
• (c) types of LC oscillators
• (d) types of filters

11. The main feature of a crystal oscillator is

• (a) economy
• (b) reliability
• (c) stability
• (d) high frequency

12. An oscillator whose frequency is changed by a variable dc voltage is known as

• (a) a crystal oscillator
• (b) a VCO
• (c) an Armstrong oscillator
• (d) a piezoelectric device

13. The operation of a relaxation oscillator is based on

• (a) the charging and discharging of a capacitor
• (b) a highly selective resonant circuit
• (c) a very stable supply voltage
• (d) low power consumption

14. Which one of the following is not an input or output of the 555 timer?

• (a) Threshold
• (b) Control voltage
• (c) Clock
• (d) Trigger
• (e) Discharge
• (f ) Reset

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices per topic

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 15: Active Filters from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 15 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Basic Filter Responses of Active Filters
• Floyd Self-test in Filter Response Characteristics
• Floyd Self-test in Active Low-Pass Filters
• Floyd Self-test in Active High-Pass Filters
• Floyd Self-test in Active Band-Pass Filters
• Floyd Self-test in Active Band-Stop Filters
• Floyd Self-test in Filter Response Measurements

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. The term pole in filter terminology refers to

• (a) a high-gain op-amp
• (b) one complete active filter
• (c) a single RC circuit
• (d) the feedback circuit

2. A single resistor and a single capacitor can be connected to form a filter with a roll-off rate of

• (a) -20 dB/decade
• (b) -40 dB/decade
• (c) -6 dB/decade
• (d) answers (a) and (c)

3. A band-pass response has

• (a) two critical frequencies
• (b) one critical frequency
• (c) a flat curve in the passband
• (d) a wide bandwidth

4. The lowest frequency passed by a low-pass filter is

• (a) 1 Hz
• (b) 0 Hz
• (c) 10 Hz
• (d) dependent on the critical frequency

5. The quality factor (Q) of a band-pass filter depends on

• (a) the critical frequencies
• (b) only the bandwidth
• (c) the center frequency and the bandwidth
• (d) only the center frequency

6. The damping factor of an active filter determines

• (a) the voltage gain
• (b) the critical frequency
• (c) the response characteristic
• (d) the roll-off rate

7. A maximally flat frequency response is known as

• (a) Chebyshev
• (b) Butterworth
• (c) Bessel
• (d) Colpitts

8. The damping factor of a filter is set by

• (a) the negative feedback circuit
• (b) the positive feedback circuit
• (c) the frequency-selective circuit
• (d) the gain of the op-amp

9. The number of poles in a filter affect the

• (a) voltage gain
• (b) bandwidth
• (c) center frequency
• (d) roll-off rate

10. Sallen-Key low-pass filters are

• (a) single-pole filters
• (b) second-order filters
• (c) Butterworth filters
• (d) band-pass filters

11. When low-pass filters are cascaded, the roll-off rate

• (a) increases
• (b) decreases
• (c) does not change

12. In a high-pass filter, the roll-off occurs

• (a) above the critical frequency
• (b) below the critical frequency
• (c) during the mid range
• (d) at the center frequency

13. A two-pole Sallen-Key high-pass filter contains

• (a) one capacitor and two resistors
• (b) two capacitors and two resistors
• (c) a feedback circuit
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

14. When a low-pass and a high-pass filter are cascaded to get a band-pass filter, the critical frequency of the low-pass filter must be

• (a) equal to the critical frequency of the high-pass filter
• (b) less than the critical frequency of the high-pass filter
• (c) greater than the critical frequency of the high-pass filter

15. A state-variable filter consists of

• (a) one op-amp with multiple-feedback paths
• (b) a summing amplifier and two integrators
• (c) a summing amplifier and two differentiators
• (d) three Butterworth stages

16. When the gain of a filter is minimum at its center frequency, it is

• (a) a band-pass filter
• (b) a band-stop filter
• (c) a notch filter
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 14: Special-Purpose Op-Amp Circuits from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 14 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Instrumentation Amplifiers
• Floyd Self-test in Isolation Amplifiers
• Floyd Self-test in Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs)
• Floyd Self-test in Log and Antilog Amplifiers
• Floyd Self-test in Converters and Other Op-Amp Circuits

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. To make a basic instrumentation amplifier, it takes

• (a) one op-amp with a certain feedback arrangement
• (b) two op-amps and seven resistors
• (c) three op-amps and seven capacitors
• (d) three op-amps and seven resistors

2. Typically, an instrumentation amplifier has an external resistor used for

• (a) establishing the input impedance
• (b) setting the voltage gain
• (c) setting the current gain
• (d) interfacing with an instrument

3. Instrumentation amplifiers are used primarily in

• (a) high-noise environments
• (b) medical equipment
• (c) test instruments
• (d) filter circuits

4. Isolation amplifiers are used primarily in

• (a) remote, isolated locations
• (b) systems that isolate a single signal from many different signals
• (c) applications where there are high voltages and sensitive equipment
• (d) applications where human safety is a concern
• (e) answers (c) and (d)

5. The two parts of a basic isolation amplifier are

• (a) amplifier and filter
• (b) input stage and coupling stage
• (c) input stage and output stage
• (d) gain stage and offset stage

6. The stages of many isolation amplifiers are connected by

• (a) copper strips
• (b) a capacitor
• (c) microwave links
• (d) current loops

7. The characteristic that allows an isolation amplifier to amplify small signal voltages in the presence of much greater noise voltages is its

• (a) CMRR
• (b) high gain
• (c) high input impedance
• (d) magnetic coupling between input and output

8. The term OTA means

• (a) operational transistor amplifier
• (b) operational transformer amplifier
• (c) operational transconductance amplifier
• (d) output transducer amplifier

9. In an OTA, the transconductance is controlled by

• (a) the dc supply voltage
• (b) the input signal voltage
• (c) the manufacturing process
• (d) a bias current

10. The voltage gain of an OTA circuit is set by

• (a) a feedback resistor
• (b) the transconductance only
• (c) the transconductance and the load resistor
• (d) the bias current and supply voltage

11. An OTA is basically a

• (a) voltage-to-current amplifier
• (b) current-to-voltage amplifier
• (c) current-to-current amplifier
• (d) voltage-to-voltage amplifier

12. The operation of a logarithmic amplifier is based on

• (a) the nonlinear operation of an op-amp
• (b) the logarithmic characteristic of a pn junction
• (c) the reverse breakdown characteristic of a pn junction
• (d) the logarithmic charge and discharge of an RC circuit

13. If the input to a log amplifier is x, the output is proportional to

• (a) e^x
• (b) ln x
• (c) log₁₀ x
• (d) 2.3 log₁₀x
• (e) answers (a) and (c)
• (f ) answers (b) and (d)

14. If the input to an antilog amplifier is x, the output is proportional to

• (a) e^lnx
• (b) e^x
• (c) ln x
• (d) e^-x

15. A constant-current source provides a non-changing current to a load

• (a) for all values of current
• (b) for all values of load resistance
• (c) for all values of load resistance within defined limits

16. A peak detector consists of

• (a) a comparator, a transistor, and a capacitor
• (b) a comparator, a diode, and a capacitor
• (c) a comparator, a diode, and an inductor
• (d) an integrator, a diode, and a capacitor

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 13: Basic Op-Amp Circuits from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 13 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Comparators
• Floyd Self-test in Summing Amplifiers
• Floyd Self-test in Integrators and Differentiators

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. In a zero-level detector, the output changes state when the input

• (a) is positive
• (b) is negative
• (c) crosses zero
• (d) has a zero rate of change

2. The zero-level detector is one application of a

• (a) comparator
• (b) differentiator
• (c) summing amplifier
• (d) diode

3. Noise on the input of a comparator can cause the output to

• (a) hang up in one state
• (b) go to zero
• (c) change back and forth erratically between two states
• (d) produce the amplified noise signal

4. The effects of noise can be reduced by

• (a) lowering the supply voltage
• (b) using positive feedback
• (c) using negative feedback
• (d) using hysteresis
• (e) answers (b) and (d)

5. A comparator with hysteresis

• (a) has one trigger point
• (b) has two trigger points
• (c) has a variable trigger point
• (d) is like a magnetic circuit

6. In a comparator with hysteresis,

• (a) a bias voltage is applied between the two inputs
• (b) only one supply voltage is used
• (c) a portion of the output is fed back to the inverting input
• (d) a portion of the output is fed back to the noninverting input

7. Using output bounding in a comparator

• (a) makes it faster
• (b) keeps the output positive
• (c) limits the output levels
• (d) stabilizes the output

8. A summing amplifier can have

• (a) only one input
• (b) only two inputs
• (c) any number of inputs

9. If the voltage gain for each input of a summing amplifier with a feedback resistor is unity, the input resistors must have a value of

• (a) 4.7kΩ
• (b) 4.7kΩ divided by the number of inputs
• (c) 4.7kΩ times the number of inputs

10. An averaging amplifier has five inputs. The ratio R_f /R must be

• (a) 5
• (b) 0.2
• (c) 1

11. In a scaling adder, the input resistors are

• (a) all the same value
• (b) all of different values
• (c) each proportional to the weight of its input
• (d) related by a factor of two

12. In an ideal integrator, the feedback element is a

• (a) resistor
• (b) capacitor
• (c) zener diode
• (d) voltage divider

13. For a step input, the output of an integrator is

• (a) a pulse
• (b) a triangular waveform
• (c) a spike
• (d) a ramp

14. The rate of change of an integrator’s output voltage in response to a step input is set by

• (a) the RC time constant
• (b) the amplitude of the step input
• (c) the current through the capacitor
• (d) all of these

15. In a differentiator, the feedback element is a

• (a) resistor
• (b) capacitor
• (c) zener diode
• (d) voltage divider

16. The output of a differentiator is proportional to

• (a) the RC time constant
• (b) the rate at which the input is changing
• (c) the amplitude of the input
• (d) answers (a) and (b)

17. When you apply a triangular waveform to the input of a differentiator, the output is

• (a) a dc level
• (b) an inverted triangular waveform
• (c) a square waveform
• (d) the first harmonic of the triangular waveform

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 12: The Operational Amplifier from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 12 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Introduction to Operational Amplifiers
• Floyd Self-test in Op-Amp Input Modes and Parameters
• Floyd Self-test in Negative Feedback
• Floyd Self-test in Op-Amps with Negative Feedback
• Floyd Self-test in Effects of Negative Feedback on Op-Amp Impedances
• Floyd Self-test in Bias Current and Offset Voltage
• Floyd Self-test in Open-Loop Frequency and Phase Responses
• Floyd Self-test in Closed-Loop Frequency Response

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. An integrated circuit (IC) op-amp has

• (a) two inputs and two outputs
• (b) one input and one output
• (c) two inputs and one output

2. Which of the following characteristics does not necessarily apply to an op-amp?

• (a) High gain
• (b) Low power
• (c) High input impedance
• (d) Low output impedance

3. A differential amplifier

• (a) is part of an op-amp
• (b) has one input and one output
• (c) has two outputs
• (d) answers (a) and (c)

4. When an op-amp is operated in the single-ended differential mode,

• (a) the output is grounded
• (b) one input is grounded and a signal is applied to the other
• (c) both inputs are connected together
• (d) the output is not inverted

5. In the double-ended differential mode,

• (a) a signal is applied between the two inputs
• (b) the gain is 1
• (c) the outputs are different amplitudes
• (d) only one supply voltage is used

6. In the common mode,

• (a) both inputs are grounded
• (b) the outputs are connected together
• (c) an identical signal appears on both inputs
• (d) the output signals are in-phase

7. Common-mode gain is

• (a) very high
• (b) very low
• (c) always unity
• (d) unpredictable

8. If A_ol = 3500 and A_cm = 0.35, the CMRR is

• (a) 1225
• (b) 10,000
• (c) 80 dB
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

9. With zero volts on both inputs, an op-amp ideally should have an output equal to

• (a) the positive supply voltage
• (b) the negative supply voltage
• (c) zero
• (d) the CMRR

10. Of the values listed, the most realistic value for open-loop gain of an op-amp is

• (a) 1
• (b) 2000
• (c) 80 dB
• (d) 100,000

11. A certain op-amp has bias currents of 50μA and 49.3μA. The input offset current is

• (a) 700 nA
• (b)99.3μA
• (c)49.7μA
• (d) none of these

12. The output of a particular op-amp increases 8 V in 12μs. The slew rate is

• (a) 96V/ μs
• (b)0.67V/ μs
• (c) 1.5V/ μs
• (d) none of these

13. The purpose of offset nulling is to

• (a) reduce the gain
• (b) equalize the input signals
• (c) zero the output error voltage
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

14. The use of negative feedback

• (a) reduces the voltage gain of an op-amp
• (b) makes the op-amp oscillate
• (c) makes linear operation possible
• (d) answers (a) and (c)

15. For an op-amp with negative feedback, the output is

• (a) equal to the input
• (b) increased
• (c) fed back to the inverting input
• (d) fed back to the noninverting input

16. A certain noninverting amplifier has an R_i of and an R_f of The closed-loop gain is

• (a) 100,000
• (b) 1000
• (c) 101
• (d) 100

17. If the feedback resistor in Question 16 is open, the voltage gain

• (a) increases
• (b) decreases
• (c) is not affected
• (d) depends on R_i

18. A certain inverting amplifier has a closed-loop gain of 25. The op-amp has an open-loop gain of 100,000. If another op-amp with an open-loop gain of 200,000 is substituted in the configuration, the closed-loop gain

• (a) doubles
• (b) drops to 12.5
• (c) remains at 25
• (d) increases slightly

19. A voltage-follower

• (a) has a gain of 1
• (b) is noninverting
• (c) has no feedback resistor
• (d) has all of these

20. Negative feedback

• (a) increases the input and output impedances
• (b) increases the input impedance and the bandwidth
• (c) decreases the output impedance and the bandwidth
• (d) does not affect impedances or bandwidth

21. Bias current compensation

• (a) reduces gain
• (b) reduces output error voltage
• (c) increases bandwidth
• (d) has no effect

22. The midrange open-loop gain of an op-amp

• (a) extends from the lower critical frequency to the upper critical frequency
• (b) extends from 0 Hz to the upper critical frequency
• (c) rolls off at 20 dB/decade beginning at 0 Hz
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

23. The frequency at which the open-loop gain is equal to 1 is called

• (a) the upper critical frequency
• (b) the cutoff frequency
• (c) the notch frequency
• (d) the unity-gain frequency

24. Phase shift through an op-amp is caused by

• (a) the internal RC circuits
• (b) the external RC circuits
• (c) the gain roll-off
• (d) negative feedback

25. Each RC circuit in an op-amp

• (a) causes the gain to roll off at
• (b) causes the gain to roll off at
• (c) reduces the midrange gain by 3 dB
• (d) answers (a) and (b)

26. If a certain op-amp has a midrange open-loop gain of 200,000 and a unity-gain frequency of 5 MHz, the gain-bandwidth product is

• (a) 200,000 Hz
• (b) 5,000,000 Hz
• (c) 1 x 10¹² Hz
• (d) not determinable from the information

27. The bandwidth of an ac amplifier having a lower critical frequency of 1 kHz and an upper critical frequency of 10 kHz is

• (a) 1 kHz
• (b) 9 kHz
• (c) 10 kHz
• (d) 11 kHz

28. The bandwidth of a dc amplifier having an upper critical frequency of 100 kHz is

• (a) 100 kHz
• (b) unknown
• (c) infinity
• (d) 0 kHz

29. When negative feedback is used, the gain-bandwidth product of an op-amp

• (a) increases
• (b) decreases
• (c) stays the same
• (d) fluctuates

30. If a certain op-amp has a closed-loop gain of 20 and an upper critical frequency of 10 MHz, the gain-bandwidth product is

• (a) 200 MHz
• (b) 10 MHz
• (c) the unity-gain frequency
• (d) answers (a) and (c)

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 11: Thyristors from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 11 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in The Four-Layer Diode
• Floyd Self-test in The Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR)
• Floyd Self-test in SCR Applications
• Floyd Self-test in The Diac and Triac
• Floyd Self-test in The Silicon-Controlled Switch (SCS)
• Floyd Self-test in The Unijunction Transistor (UJT)
• Floyd Self-test in The Programmable Unijunction Transistor (PUT)

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. A thyristor has

• (a) two pn junctions
• (b) three pn junctions
• (c) four pn junctions
• (d) only two terminals

2. Common types of thyristors include

• (a) BJTs and SCRs
• (b) UJTs and PUTs
• (c) FETs and triacs
• (d) diacs and triacs

3. A 4-layer diode turns on when the anode-to-cathode voltage exceeds

• (a) 0.7 V
• (b) the gate voltage
• (c) the forward-breakover voltage
• (d) the forward-blocking voltage

4. Once it is conducting, a 4-layer diode can be turned off by

• (a) reducing the current below a certain value
• (b) disconnecting the anode voltage
• (c) answers (a) and (b)
• (d) neither answer (a) nor (b)

5. An SCR differs from the 4-layer diode because

• (a) it has a gate terminal
• (b) it is not a thyristor
• (c) it does not have four layers
• (d) it cannot be turned on and off

6. An SCR can be turned off by

• (a) forced commutation
• (b) a negative pulse on the gate
• (c) anode current interruption
• (d) answers (a), (b), and (c)
• (e) answers (a) and (c)

7. In the forward-blocking region, the SCR is

• (a) reverse-biased
• (b) in the off state
• (c) in the on state
• (d) at the point of breakdown

8. The specified value of holding current for an SCR means that

• (a) the device will turn on when the anode current exceeds this value
• (b) the device will turn off when the anode current falls below this value
• (c) the device may be damaged if the anode current exceeds this value
• (d) the gate current must equal or exceed this value to turn the device on

9. The diac is

• (a) a thyristor
• (b) a bilateral, two-terminal device
• (c) like two parallel 4-layer diodes in reverse directions
• (d) answers (a), (b), and (c)

10. The triac is

• (a) like a bidirectional SCR
• (b) a four-terminal device
• (c) not a thyristor
• (d) answers (a) and (b)

11. The SCS differs from the SCR because

• (a) it does not have a gate terminal
• (b) its holding current is less
• (c) it can handle much higher currents
• (d) it has two gate terminals

12. The SCS can be turned on by

• (a) an anode voltage that exceeds forward-breakover voltage
• (b) a positive pulse on the cathode gate
• (c) a negative pulse on the anode gate
• (d) either (b) or (c)

13. The SCS can be turned off by

• (a) a negative pulse on the cathode gate and a positive pulse on the anode gate
• (b) reducing the anode current to below the holding value
• (c) answers (a) and (b)
• (d) a positive pulse on the cathode gate and a negative pulse on the anode gate

14. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the UJT?

• (a) intrinsic standoff ratio
• (b) negative resistance
• (c) peak-point voltage
• (d) bilateral conduction

15. The PUT is

• (a) much like the UJT
• (b) not a thyristor
• (c) triggered on and off by the gate-to-anode voltage
• (d) not a four-layer device

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 10: Amplifier Frequency Response from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 10 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Basic Concepts of Amplifier Frequency Response
• Floyd Self-test in The Decibel
• Floyd Self-test in Low-Frequency Amplifier Response
• Floyd Self-test in High-Frequency Amplifier Response
• Floyd Self-test in Total Amplifier Frequency Response
• Floyd Self-test in Frequency Response of Multistage Amplifiers
• Floyd Self-test in Frequency Response Measurements

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. The low-frequency response of an amplifier is determined in part by

• (a) the voltage gain
• (b) the type of transistor
• (c) the supply voltage
• (d) the coupling capacitors

2. The high-frequency response of an amplifier is determined in part by

• (a) the gain-bandwidth product
• (b) the bypass capacitor
• (c) the internal transistor capacitances
• (d) the roll-off

3. The Miller input capacitance of an amplifier is dependent, in part, on

• (a) the input coupling capacitor
• (b) the voltage gain
• (c) the bypass capacitor
• (d) none of these

4. The decibel is used to express

• (a) power gain
• (b) voltage gain
• (c) attenuation
• (d) all of these

5. When the voltage gain is 70.7% of its midrange value, it is said to be

• (a) attenuated
• (b) down 6 dB
• (c) down 3 dB
• (d) down 1 dB

6. In an amplifier, the gain that occurs between the lower and upper critical frequencies is called the

• (a) critical gain
• (b) midrange gain
• (c) bandwidth gain
• (d) decibel gain

7. A certain amplifier has a voltage gain of 100 at midrange. If the gain decreases by 6 dB, it is equal to

• (a) 50
• (b) 70.7
• (c) 0
• (d) 20

8. The gain of a certain amplifier decreases by 6 dB when the frequency is reduced from 1 kHz to 10 Hz. The roll-off is

• (a) -3dB/decade
• (b) -6dB/decade
• (c) -3dB/octave
• (d) -6dB/octave

9. The gain of a particular amplifier at a given frequency decreases by 6 dB when the frequency is doubled. The roll-off is

• (a) -12dB/decade
• (b) -20dB/decade
• (c) -6dB/octave
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

10. The lower critical frequency of a direct-coupled amplifier with no bypass capacitor is

• (a) variable
• (b) 0 Hz
• (c) dependent on the bias
• (d) none of these

11. At the upper critical frequency, the peak output voltage of a certain amplifier is 10 V. The peak voltage in the midrange of the amplifier is

• (a) 7.07 V
• (b) 6.37 V
• (c) 14.14 V
• (d) 10 V

12. The high-frequency response of an amplifier is determined by the

• (a) coupling capacitors
• (b) bias circuit
• (c) transistor capacitances
• (d) all of these

13. The Miller input and output capacitances for a BJT inverting amplifier depend on

• (a) C_bc
• (b) β_ac
• (c) A_v
• (d) answers (a) and (c)

14. The bandwidth of an amplifier is determined by

• (a) the midrange gain
• (b) the critical frequencies
• (c) the roll-off rate
• (d) the input capacitance

15. An amplifier has the following critical frequencies: 1.2 kHz, 950 Hz, 8 kHz, and 8.5 kHz. The bandwidth is

• (a) 7550 Hz
• (b) 7300 Hz
• (c) 6800 Hz
• (d) 7050 Hz

16. Ideally, the midrange gain of an amplifier

• (a) increases with frequency
• (b) decreases with frequency
• (c) remains constant with frequency
• (d) depends on the coupling capacitors

17. The frequency at which an amplifier’s gain is 1 is called the

• (a) unity-gain frequency
• (b) midrange frequency
• (c) corner frequency
• (d) break frequency

18. When the voltage gain of an amplifier is increased, the bandwidth

• (a) is not affected
• (b) increases
• (c) decreases
• (d) becomes distorted

19. If the f_T of the transistor used in a certain amplifier is 75 MHz and the bandwidth is 10 MHz, the voltage gain must be

• (a) 750
• (b) 7.5
• (c) 10
• (d) 1

20. In the midrange of an amplifier’s bandwidth, the peak output voltage is 6 V. At the lower critical frequency, the peak output voltage is

• (a) 3 V
• (b) 3.82 V
• (c) 8.48 V
• (d) 4.24 V

21. The dominant lower critical frequency of a multistage amplifier is the

• (a) lowest f_cl
• (b) highest f_cl
• (c) average of all the f_cl’s
• (d) none of these

22. When the critical frequencies of all of the stages are the same, the dominant critical frequency is

• (a) higher than any individual f_cl
• (b) lower than any individual f_cl
• (c) equal to the individual f_cl’s
• (d) the sum of all individual f_cl’s

23. In the step response of a noninverting amplifier, a longer rise time means

• (a) a narrower bandwidth
• (b) a lower f_cl
• (c) a higher f_cu
• (d) answers (a) and (b)

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 9: FET Amplifiers and Switching Circuits from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 9 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in The Common-Source Amplifier
• Floyd Self-test in The Common-Drain Amplifier
• Floyd Self-test in The Common-Gate Amplifier
• Floyd Self-test in The Class D Amplifier
• Floyd Self-test in MOSFET Analog Switching
• Floyd Self-test in MOSFET Digital Switching

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. In a common-source amplifier, the output voltage is

• (a) 180ᵒ out of phase with the input
• (b) in phase with the input
• (c) taken at the source
• d) taken at the drain
• (e) answers (a) and (c)
• (f ) answers (a) and (d)

2. In a certain common-source (CS) amplifier, V_ds= 3.2 V rms and V_gs =280 mV rms. The voltage gain is

• (a) 1
• (b) 11.4
• (c) 8.75
• (d) 3.2

3. In a certain CS amplifier, R_D= 1.0kΩ,R_S= 560Ω, V_DD= 10 V, AND g_m= 4500 μS If the source resistor is completely bypassed, the voltage gain is

• (a) 450
• (b) 45
• (c) 4.5
• (d) 2.52

4. Ideally, the equivalent circuit of a FET contains

• (a) a current source in series with a resistance
• (b) a resistance between drain and source terminals
• (c) a current source between gate and source terminals
• (d) a current source between drain and source terminals

5. The value of the current source in Question 4 is dependent on the

• (a) transconductance and gate-to-source voltage
• (b) dc supply voltage
• (c) external drain resistance
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

6. A certain common-source amplifier has a voltage gain of 10. If the source bypass capacitor is removed,

• (a) the voltage gain will increase
• (b) the transconductance will increase
• (c) the voltage gain will decrease
• (d) the Q-point will shift

7. A CS amplifier has a load resistance of 10 k Ω and R_D = 820Ω. If g_m = 5 mS and V_in= 500 mV, the output signal voltage is

• (a) 1.89 V
• (b) 2.05 V
• (c) 25 V
• (d) 0.5 V

8. If the load resistance in Question 7 is removed, the output voltage will

• (a) stay the same
• (b) decrease
• (c) increase
• (d) be zero

9. A certain common-drain (CD) amplifier with R_S= 1.0 kΩ has a transconductance of 6000 μS .The voltage gain is

• (a) 1
• (b) 0.86
• c) 0.98
• (d) 6

10. The datasheet for the transistor used in a CD amplifier specifies I_GSS = 5 nA at V_GS = 10 V. If the resistor from gate to ground, R_G, is 50MΩ, the total input resistance is approximately

• (a) 50MΩ
• (b) 200MΩ
• (c) 40MΩ
• (d) 20.5MΩ

11. The common-gate (CG) amplifier differs from both the CS and CD configurations in that it has a

• (a) much higher voltage gain
• (b) much lower voltage gain
• (c) much higher input resistance
• (d) much lower input resistance

12. If you are looking for both good voltage gain and high input resistance, you must use a

• (a) CS amplifier
• (b) CD amplifier
• (c) CG amplifier

13. A cascode amplifier consists of

• (a) a CD and a CS amplifier
• (b) a CS and a CG amplifier
• (c) a CG and a CD amplifier
• (d) two CG amplifiers

14. The class D amplifier is similar to

• (a) class C
• (b) class B
• (c) class A
• (d) none of these

15. The class D amplifier uses

• (a) frequency modulation
• (b) amplitude modulation
• (c) pulse-width modulation
• (d) duty cycle modulation

16. E-MOSFETs are generally used for switching applications because of their

• (a) threshold characteristic
• (b) high input resistance
• (c) linearity
• (d) high gain

17. A sampling circuit must sample a signal at a minimum of

• (a) one time per cycle
• (b) the signal frequency
• (c) twice the signal frequency
• (d) alternate cycles

18. The value of resistance emulated by a switched-capacitor circuit is a function of

• (a) voltage and capacitance
• (b) frequency and capacitance
• (c) gain and transconductance
• (d) frequency and transconductance

19. A basic CMOS circuit uses a combination of

• (a) n-channel MOSFETs
• (b) p-channel MOSFETs
• (c) pnp and npn BJTs
• (d) an n-channel and a p-channel MOSFET

20. CMOS is commonly used in

• (a) digital circuits
• (b) linear circuits
• (c) RF circuits
• (d) power circuits

21. If there is an internal open between the drain and source in a CS amplifier, the drain voltage is equal to

• (a) 0 V
• (b) V_DD
• (c) V_GS
• (d) V_GD

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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---

This is the Self-test in Chapter 8: Field-Effect Transistors (FETs) from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 8 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Field-Effect Transistors (FETs)
• Floyd Self-test in JFET
• Floyd Self-test in JFET Characteristics and Parameters
• Floyd Self-test in JFET Biasing
• Floyd Self-test in The Ohmic Region
• Floyd Self-test in MOSFET
• Floyd Self-test in MOSFET Characteristics and Parameters
• Floyd Self-test in MOSFET Biasing
• Floyd Self-test in IGBT

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. The JFET is

• (a) a unipolar device
• (b) a voltage-controlled device
• (c) a current-controlled device
• (d) answers (a) and (c)
• (e) answers (a) and (b)

2. The channel of a JFET is between the

• (a) gate and drain
• (b) drain and source
• (c) gate and source
• (d) input and output

3. A JFET always operates with

• (a) the gate-to-source pn junction reverse-biased
• (b) the gate-to-source pn junction forward-biased
• (c) the drain connected to ground
• (d) the gate connected to the source

4. For V_GS = 0 V, the drain current becomes constant when V_DS exceeds

• (a) cutoff
• (b) V_DD
• (c) V_P
• (d) 0 V

5. The constant-current region of a FET lies between

• (a) cutoff and saturation
• (b) cutoff and pinch-off
• (c) 0 and I_DSS
• (d) pinch-off and breakdown

6. I_DSS is

• (a) the drain current with the source shorted
• (b) the drain current at cutoff
• (c) the maximum possible drain current
• (d) the midpoint drain current

7. Drain current in the constant-current region increases when

• (a) the gate-to-source bias voltage decreases
• (b) the gate-to-source bias voltage increases
• (c) the drain-to-source voltage increases
• (d) the drain-to-source voltage decreases

8. In a certain FET circuit, V_GS = 0 V, V_DD = 15 V, I_DSS = 15 mA, and R_D = 470Ω. If R_D is decreased to 330Ω, I_DSS is

• (a) 19.5 mA
• (b) 10.5 mA
• (c) 15 mA
• (d) 1 mA

9. At cutoff, the JFET channel is

• (a) at its widest point
• (b) completely closed by the depletion region
• (c) extremely narrow
• (d) reverse-biased

10. A certain JFET datasheet gives The pinch-off voltage, V_P,

• (a) cannot be determined
• (b) is – 4V
• (c) depends on V_GS
• (d) is - 4 V

11. The JFET in Question 10

• (a) is an n channel
• (b) is a p channel
• (c) can be either

12. For a certain JFET, I_GSS = 10 nA at V_GS =10 V. The input resistance is

• (a) 100MΩ
• (b) 1MΩ
• (c) 1000 MΩ
• (d) 1000mΩ

13. For a certain p-channel JFET, V_{GS(off )} = 8 V. The value of V_GS for an approximate midpoint bias is

• (a) 4 V
• (b) 0 V
• (c) 1.25 V
• (d) 2.34 V

14. In a self-biased JFET, the gate is at

• (a) a positive voltage
• (b) 0 V
• (c) a negative voltage
• (d) ground

15. The drain-to-source resistance in the ohmic region depends on

• (a) V_GS
• (b) the Q-point values
• (c) the slope of the curve at the Q-point
• (d) all of these

16. To be used as a variable resistor, a JFET must be

• (a) an n-channel device
• (b) a p-channel device
• (c) biased in the ohmic region
• (d) biased in saturation

17. When a JFET is biased at the origin, the ac channel resistance is determined by

• (a) the Q-point values
• (b) V_GS
• (c) the transconductance
• (d) answers (b) and (c)

18. A MOSFET differs from a JFET mainly because

• (a) of the power rating
• (b) the MOSFET has two gates
• (c) the JFET has a pn junction
• (d) MOSFETs do not have a physical channel

19. A D-MOSFET operates in

• (a) the depletion mode only
• (b) the enhancement mode only
• (c) the ohmic region only
• (d) both the depletion and enhancement modes

20. An n-channel D-MOSFET with a positive V_GS is operating in

• (a) the depletion mode
• (b) the enhancement mode
• (c) cutoff
• (d) saturation

21. A certain p-channel E-MOSFET has a If V_GS = 0 V, the drain current is

• (a) 0 A
• (b) I_D(on)
• (c) maximum
• (d) I_DSS

22. In an E-MOSFET, there is no drain current until V_GS

• (a) reaches V_GS(th)
• (b) is positive
• (c) is negative
• (d) equals 0 V

23. All MOS devices are subject to damage from

• (a) excessive heat
• (b) electrostatic discharge
• (c) excessive voltage
• (d) all of these

24. A certain D-MOSFET is biased at V_GS = 0 V. Its datasheet specifies I_DSS= 20 mA and the value of the drain current

• (a) is 0 A
• (b) cannot be determined
• (c) is 20 mA

25. An IGBT is generally used in

• (a) low-power applications
• (b) rf applications
• (c) high-voltage applications
• (d) low-current applications

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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This is the Self-test in Chapter 7: Power Amplifiers from the book Electronic Devices Conventional Current Version, 9th edition by Thomas L. Floyd. If you are looking for a reviewer in Electronics Engineering this will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.

Floyd Self-test Chapter 7 Topic Outline

• Floyd Self-test in Power Amplifiers
• Floyd Self-test in Class A Power Amplifier
• Floyd Self-test in Class B Power Amplifier
• Floyd Self-test in The Class B and Class AB Push-Pull Amplifiers
• Floyd Self-test in Class C Power Amplifier

Start Practice Exam Test Questions

Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. An amplifier that operates in the linear region at all times is

• (a) Class A
• (b) Class AB
• (c) Class B
• (d) Class C

2. A certain class A power amplifier delivers 5 W to a load with an input signal power of 100 mW. The power gain is

• (a) 100
• (b) 50
• (c) 250
• (d) 5

3. The peak current a class A power amplifier can deliver to a load depends on the

• (a) maximum rating of the power supply
• (b) quiescent current
• (c) current in the bias resistors
• (d) size of the heat sink

4. For maximum output, a class A power amplifier must maintain a value of quiescent current that is

• (a) one-half the peak load current
• (b) twice the peak load current
• (c) at least as large as the peak load current
• (d) just above the cutoff value

5. A certain class A power amplifier has The maximum signal power output is

• (a) 6 W
• (b) 12 W
• (c) 1 W
• (d) 0.707 W

6. The efficiency of a power amplifier is the ratio of the power delivered to the load to the

• (a) input signal power
• (b) power dissipated in the last stage
• (c) power from the dc power supply
• (d) none of these answers

7. The maximum efficiency of a class A power amplifier is

• (a) 25%
• (b) 50%
• (c) 79%
• (d) 98%

8. The transistors in a class B amplifier are biased

• (a) into cutoff
• (b) in saturation
• (c) at midpoint of the load line
• (d) right at cutoff

9. Crossover distortion is a problem for

• (a) class A amplifiers
• (b) class AB amplifiers
• (c) class B amplifiers
• (d) all of these amplifiers

10. A BJT class B push-pull amplifier with no transformer coupling uses

• (a) two npn transistors
• (b) two pnp transistors
• (c) complementary symmetry transistors
• (d) none of these

11. A current mirror in a push-pull amplifier should give an I_CQ that is

• (a) equal to the current in the bias resistors and diodes
• (b) twice the current in the bias resistors and diodes
• (c) half the current in the bias resistors and diodes
• (d) zero

12. The maximum efficiency of a class B push-pull amplifier is

• (a) 25%
• (b) 50%
• (c) 79%
• (d) 98%

13. The output of a certain two-supply class B push-pull amplifier has a V_CC of 20 V. If the load resistance is the value of I_c(sat) is

• (a) 5 mA
• (b) 0.4 A
• (c) 4 mA
• (d) 40 mA

14. The maximum efficiency of a class AB amplifier is

• (a) higher than a class B
• (b) the same as a class B
• (c) about the same as a class A
• (d) slightly less than a class B

15. The power dissipation of a class C amplifier is normally

• (a) very low
• (b) very high
• (c) the same as a class B
• (d) the same as a class A

16. The efficiency of a class C amplifier is

• (a) less than class A
• (b) less than class B
• (c) less than class AB
• (d) greater than classes A, B, or AB

17. The transistor in a class C amplifier conducts for

• (a) more than 180 degree of the input cycle
• (b) one-half of the input cycle
• (c) a very small percentage of the input cycle
• (d) all of the input cycle

Complete List of Floyd Self-test in Electronic Devices

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